(California Styling)

The California Style Manual specifies an alternative citation style to the common one used in the The Bluebook. The rules of the state courts in California allow either style to be used in a brief so long as one style is used consistently. However, a citation guide posted to the web site of the Judicial Council of California directs the use of the California style:

The California style is distinguished by enclosing citations in parentheses and putting the venue and year between the case name and reporter cite. A cite to a decision in the Bluebook style which appears as:

Hoosier Racing Tire, Corp., 674 F.3d 158 (3d Cir. 2012)

. . . will appear in the California style as:

(Hoosier Racing Tire, Corp. (3d Cir. 2012) 674 F.3d 158)

The California Style Manual also directs the old fashioned distinction between ibid. and .id , the former being used when the cite is to the same page in the immediately preceding authority. Citations to statutes, books, and law review articles are also enclosed in parentheses.